dimanche 14 octobre 2012

15 octobre : Procès Khalid Cheikh Mohammed et consorts, Acte 2-Le spectre de la torture hante l'audience

"L'une des questions majeures qui sera décidée est si la Constitution américaine qui gouverne toutes les affaires (judiciaires) aux Etats-Unis s'applique aussi à Guantanamo".
La torture et le voile du secret qui l'entoure planeront sur la nouvelle série d'audiences des accusés des attentats du 11-Septembre, qui s'ouvrent à partir de lundi à Guantanamo. Le Pakistanais Khaled Cheikh Mohammed, cerveau autoproclamé des attaques les plus meurtrières de l'histoire américaine, et ses quatre co-accusés comparaîtront pour la 2e fois devant ce tribunal militaire d'exception sur la base navale américaine.
Sauf imprévu, les audiences préliminaires destinées à préparer le procès se dérouleront toute la semaine dans cette enclave à l'est de Cuba, après avoir été retardées de plus de deux mois pour cause de ramadan puis de panne internet conjuguée aux intempéries.
"L'une des questions majeures qui sera décidée est si la Constitution américaine qui gouverne toutes les affaires (judiciaires) aux Etats-Unis s'applique aussi à Guantanamo ou si Guantanamo est une sorte de trou noir juridique", déclare à l'AFP James Connell, avocat du Pakistanais Ammar al-Baluchi.
En jeu, les tortures et mauvais traitements que les cinq hommes disent avoir subis, et le caractère secret que l'accusation veut donner à cet aspect du dossier.
Parmi les recours examinés au cours des cinq jours d'audience, le gouvernement américain réclame que "les informations relatives à la sécurité nationale soient protégées" ainsi que tous "les éléments dont la publication serait préjudiciable à l'intérêt du public".
Face à cette volonté de masquer les renseignements classés secret-défense et de maintenir à huis clos certaines parties des débats, la défense, soutenue par une quinzaine de médias et l'Union américaine de défense des libertés (ACLU), réclame la transparence.
"Le public a le droit de savoir", a plaidé Me Connell. "Cela doit être une procédure ouverte, juste, transparente", a renchéri Cheryl Bormann, avocate du Yéménite Wallid ben Attach. "Le gouvernement ne doit pas pouvoir empêcher nos clients de dire ce qu'ils ont vécu, ne doit pas être en droit de cacher ce qui leur a été fait", dit-elle à l'AFP.
"S'il y a un procès sur ce qui s'est passé le 11-Septembre (...), toute la vérité doit sortir et pas seulement la version du gouvernement".
L'ombre de "Big Brother"
Ayant étés incarcérés dans les prisons secrètes de la CIA avant leur transfert en 2006 à Guantanamo, "tout ce qui touche nos clients est présumé classé secret-défense, mêmes les choses les plus anodines", se plaint James Harrington, avocat du Yéménite Ramzi ben al-Chaïba.
Les documents et communications avocat-client doivent être soumis à la censure, "une violation claire des droits de la défense, alors que nous voulons pouvoir parler sans avoir +Big Brother+ qui contrôle tout par dessus notre épaule", ajoute-t-il pour l'AFP.
A Guantanamo, les journalistes et le public suivent les audiences derrière une paroi vitrée, où les mots leur parviennent avec 40 secondes de différé. Dès qu'une déclaration touche à un point sensible, un censeur actionne un interrupteur pour brouiller la retransmission.
"La question est de savoir si ce délai de 40 secondes est conforme au 1er amendement de la Constitution" sur la liberté d'expression et de la presse, déclare Hina Shamsi, avocate de l'ACLU. "Le gouvernement n'a aucune légitimité à restreindre l'accès du public", dit-elle à l'AFP.
Lors de leur mise en accusation début mai, les cinq hommes, qui encourent la peine capitale, avaient défié la justice militaire en refusant de répondre aux questions et en déroulant régulièrement leurs tapis de prière pendant les treize heures d'audience.
Ils réclament au tribunal de pouvoir comparaître dans les attraits de leur choix. L'un veut porter un treillis paramilitaire, l'autre une coiffe traditionnelle, un troisième la célèbre combinaison orange, "rappel silencieux de l'héritage de torture de Guantanamo". Le juge dira s'il considère ces vêtements comme un outil de propagande. 
Source : AFP, 13/10/2012 

Ci-dessous, les dessins d'audience réalisés par Janet Hamlin lors de la première audience de juin 2008

In this photograph of a sketch by courtroom artist Janet Hamlin, reviewed by the U.S. Military, the Sept. 11 attacks co-conspirator suspects, at left, attend their arraignment inside the war crimes courthouse at Camp Justice, the legal complex of the U.S. Military Commissions, at Guantanamo Bay U.S. Naval Base, in Cuba, 05 June 2008.They are, top to bottom, Khalid Sheikh Mohammed, Waleed bin Attash, Ramzi Binalshibh, Ali Abd al-Aziz Ali, known as Ammar al-Baluchi, and Mustafa Ahmad al-Hawsawi.  EPA/BRENNAN LINSLEY / POOL POOL PHOTO OF SKETCH BY JANET HAMLIN. IMAGE REVIEWED BY U.S. MILITARY PRIOR TO TRANSMISSION.

In this photograph of a sketch by courtroom artist Janet Hamlin, reviewed by the U.S. Military, the Sept. 11 attacks co-conspirator suspects, at left, attend their arraignment inside the war crimes courthouse at Camp Justice, the legal complex of the U.S. Military Commissions, at Guantanamo Bay U.S. Naval Base, in Cuba, 05 June 2008.They are, top to bottom, Khalid Sheikh Mohammed, Waleed bin Attash, Ramzi Binalshibh, Ali Abd al-Aziz Ali, known as Ammar al-Baluchi, and Mustafa Ahmad al-Hawsawi. EPA/BRENNAN LINSLEY / POOL POOL PHOTO OF SKETCH BY JANET HAMLIN. IMAGE REVIEWED BY U.S. MILITARY PRIOR TO TRANSMISSION.
In this photograph of a sketch by courtroom artist Janet Hamlin, reviewed by the U.S. Military, Khalid Sheikh Mohammed, center, and Waleed bin Attash, two of the Sept. 11 attacks co-conspirator suspects, attend their arraignment inside the war crimes courthouse at Camp Justice, the legal complex of the U.S. Military Commissions, at Guantanamo Bay U.S. Naval Base, Cuba, 05 June 2008.  EPA/BRENNAN LINSLEY / POOL POOL PHOTO OF SKETCH BY JANET HAMLIN. IMAGE REVIEWED BY U.S. MILITARY PRIOR TO TRANSMISSION.

In this photograph of a sketch by courtroom artist Janet Hamlin, reviewed by the U.S. Military, Khalid Sheikh Mohammed, center, and Waleed bin Attash, two of the Sept. 11 attacks co-conspirator suspects, attend their arraignment inside the war crimes courthouse at Camp Justice, the legal complex of the U.S. Military Commissions, at Guantanamo Bay U.S. Naval Base, Cuba, 05 June 2008. EPA/BRENNAN LINSLEY / POOL POOL PHOTO OF SKETCH BY JANET HAMLIN. IMAGE REVIEWED BY U.S. MILITARY PRIOR TO TRANSMISSION.
In this photograph of a sketch by courtroom artist Janet Hamlin, reviewed by the U.S. Military, Ramzi Binalshibh, center-right, a suspect in the Sept. 11 attacks co-conspirator case, attends his arraignment at the U.S. Military Commissions, at Guantanamo Bay U.S. Naval Base, in Cuba, 05 June 2008.  EPA/Brennan Linsley / POOL POOL PHOTO OF SKETCH BY JANET HAMLIN. IMAGE REVIEWED BY U.S. MILITARY PRIOR TO TRANSMISSION.

In this photograph of a sketch by courtroom artist Janet Hamlin, reviewed by the U.S. Military, Ramzi Binalshibh, center-right, a suspect in the Sept. 11 attacks co-conspirator case, attends his arraignment at the U.S. Military Commissions, at Guantanamo Bay U.S. Naval Base, in Cuba, 05 June 2008. EPA/Brennan Linsley / POOL POOL PHOTO OF SKETCH BY JANET HAMLIN. IMAGE REVIEWED BY U.S. MILITARY PRIOR TO TRANSMISSION.
In this photograph of a sketch by courtroom artist Janet Hamlin, reviewed by the U.S. Military, Ali Abd al-Aziz Ali, known as Ammar al-Baluchi, center-right, a suspect in the Sept. 11 attacks co-conspirator case, attends his arraignment at the U.S. Military Commissions, at Guantanamo Bay U.S. Naval Base, in Cuba, 05 June  2008.  EPA/Brennan Linsley / POOL POOL PHOTO OF SKETCH BY JANET HAMLIN. IMAGE REVIEWED BY U.S. MILITARY PRIOR TO TRANSMISSION.

In this photograph of a sketch by courtroom artist Janet Hamlin, reviewed by the U.S. Military, Ali Abd al-Aziz Ali, known as Ammar al-Baluchi, center-right, a suspect in the Sept. 11 attacks co-conspirator case, attends his arraignment at the U.S. Military Commissions, at Guantanamo Bay U.S. Naval Base, in Cuba, 05 June 2008. EPA/Brennan Linsley / POOL POOL PHOTO OF SKETCH BY JANET HAMLIN. IMAGE REVIEWED BY U.S. MILITARY PRIOR TO TRANSMISSION.
In this image reviewed by the U.S. Military, inside a hangar used for media operations, a U.S. Navy officer walks away after pinning up two sketches, by courtroom artist Janet Hamlin, bearing the images of Ramzi Binalshibh, right, and Ali Abd al-Aziz Ali, known as Ammar al-Baluchi, left, both suspects in the Sept. 11 attacks co-conspirator case, on the day of their arraignment at the U.S. Military Commissions, at Guantanamo Bay U.S. Naval Base, in Cuba, 05 June 2008.  EPA/BRENNAN LINSLEY POOL PHOTO  IMAGE REVIEWED BY U.S. MILITARY PRIOR TO TRANSMISSION

In this image reviewed by the U.S. Military, inside a hangar used for media operations, a U.S. Navy officer walks away after pinning up two sketches, by courtroom artist Janet Hamlin, bearing the images of Ramzi Binalshibh, right, and Ali Abd al-Aziz Ali, known as Ammar al-Baluchi, left, both suspects in the Sept. 11 attacks co-conspirator case, on the day of their arraignment at the U.S. Military Commissions, at Guantanamo Bay U.S. Naval Base, in Cuba, 05 June 2008. EPA/BRENNAN LINSLEY POOL PHOTO IMAGE REVIEWED BY U.S. MILITARY PRIOR TO TRANSMISSION
In this image reviewed by the U.S. Military inside a hangar used for media operations, Navy Commander Jeffrey D. Gordon, Pentagon spokesman for the Western Hemisphere, right, arrives with new sketches, as Dennis Powell of ABC News unpins two earlier ones, by courtroom artist Janet Hamlin, one bearing the image of Khalid Sheikh Mohammed, a suspect in the Sept. 11 attacks co-conspirator case, on the day of his arraignment at the U.S. Military Commissions, at Guantanamo Bay U.S. Naval Base, in Cuba, 05 June 2008.  EPA/BRENNAN LINSLEY POOL PHOTO  IMAGE REVIEWED BY U.S. MILITARY PRIOR TO TRANSMISSION

In this image reviewed by the U.S. Military inside a hangar used for media operations, Navy Commander Jeffrey D. Gordon, Pentagon spokesman for the Western Hemisphere, right, arrives with new sketches, as Dennis Powell of ABC News unpins two earlier ones, by courtroom artist Janet Hamlin, one bearing the image of Khalid Sheikh Mohammed, a suspect in the Sept. 11 attacks co-conspirator case, on the day of his arraignment at the U.S. Military Commissions, at Guantanamo Bay U.S. Naval Base, in Cuba, 05 June 2008. EPA/BRENNAN LINSLEY POOL PHOTO IMAGE REVIEWED BY U.S. MILITARY PRIOR TO TRANSMISSION
In this photograph of a sketch by courtroom artist Janet Hamlin, reviewed by the U.S. Military, Khalid Sheikh Mohammed, a suspect in the Sept. 11 attacks co-conspirator case, attends his arraignment at the U.S. Military Commissions, at Guantanamo Bay U.S. Naval Base, in Cuba, 05 June 2008.  EPA/JANET HAMLIN POOL PHOTO OF SKETCH BY JANET HAMLIN. IMAGE REVIEWED BY U.S. MILITARY PRIOR TO TRANSMISSION.

In this photograph of a sketch by courtroom artist Janet Hamlin, reviewed by the U.S. Military, Khalid Sheikh Mohammed, a suspect in the Sept. 11 attacks co-conspirator case, attends his arraignment at the U.S. Military Commissions, at Guantanamo Bay U.S. Naval Base, in Cuba, 05 June 2008. EPA/JANET HAMLIN POOL PHOTO OF SKETCH BY JANET HAMLIN. IMAGE REVIEWED BY U.S. MILITARY PRIOR TO TRANSMISSION.
In this photograph of a sketch by courtroom artist Janet Hamlin, reviewed by the U.S. Military, Mustafa Ahmad al-Hawsawi, a suspect in the Sept. 11 attacks co-conspirator case, attends his arraignment at the U.S. Military Commissions, at Guantanamo Bay U.S. Naval Base, in Cuba, 05 June 2008.  EPA/JANET HAMLIN POOL PHOTO OF SKETCH BY JANET HAMLIN. IMAGE REVIEWED BY U.S. MILITARY PRIOR TO TRANSMISSION.

In this photograph of a sketch by courtroom artist Janet Hamlin, reviewed by the U.S. Military, Mustafa Ahmad al-Hawsawi, a suspect in the Sept. 11 attacks co-conspirator case, attends his arraignment at the U.S. Military Commissions, at Guantanamo Bay U.S. Naval Base, in Cuba, 05 June 2008. EPA/JANET HAMLIN POOL PHOTO OF SKETCH BY JANET HAMLIN. IMAGE REVIEWED BY U.S. MILITARY PRIOR TO TRANSMISSION.

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